The Homeowners Guide

An informative guide about home care and maintenance

Home Energy Efficiency

Home Energy Efficiency

In line with environmental protection practices, home energy efficiency is an important part of owning a home. With more efficient energy appliances and sources, home owners can help to save the environment and reduce costs. Here are some ideas to improve energy efficiency.

Efficiency of Appliances and Lighting

  • Compact fluorescent light bulbs use less electricity and last longer than incandescent bulbs.
  • Overhead fluorescent lighting is energy efficient and it should replace conventional ceiling fixtures.
  • ENERGY STAR products help to save energy, lower energy bills, and protect the environment.
  • There are rebates for ENERGY STAR products to help home owners save more money.
  • Consumer Resources: Provides information on building envelope, heating, air conditioning, ventilation, lighting, and more.
  • ENERGY STAR: The best place to find out about ENERGY STAR products and other information.
  • Efficient Appliances: The article discusses how efficient appliances help to save energy and money.
  • Major Appliances: Excellent guide to energy efficient appliances.
  • Energy Savers: Offers information on rebates for ENERGY STAR products.
  • Home Appliances: The FTC provides tips to help home owners buy energy efficient home appliances.

Renewable and Alternative Energy

There are also alternative sources of energy which are getting more popular. Some of these are biomass, solar, wind, hydropower, and geothermal.

Biomass

Biomass refers to organic material derived from alcohol fuels, crops, land fill gases, manure, wood, and so on. A renewable energy source, biomass can be used to produce electricity and heat. An example of biomass alcohol fuel is ethanol.

  • Biomass: Topics include biomass advantages, biomass CHP, biomass corn, biomass conversion, biomass fuel, and more.
  • Biomass Energy: Provides information on biomass energy, technology, and development.
  • Overview: Discusses how biomass works, its advantages, disadvantages, and so on.

Solar
Solar energy is the use of heat and light from the sun to produce energy. This is one of the most widely used forms of renewable energy. In the home, solar energy can be applied to water heating, heating, cooling, ventilation, water treatment, cooking, and more.

  • Solar Energy: A great place to learn all about solar energy.
  • Basics: Come here to find out more about solar energy.
  • How does it Work?: Explains how solar energy works and why you should consider using it.

Wind

Wind power refers to the transformation of wind energy into consumable energy. Wind turbines can be used to generate electricity, wind mills can be used for mechanical power, wind pumps can be used for drainage or pumping water and sails can be used to propel boats and ships. In the home, wind power is usually used to produce electricity and mechanical energy.

  • Wind Powering: One of the best websites to discover the possibilities of wind power.
  • Wind Power: Find out about the right wind power technology, how wind turbines work, installing a wind turbine, and more.
  • Wind Energy Basics: Provides information on wind energy, wind power technology, and related issues.

Hydropower

Hydropower is the transformation of kinetic water energy into consumable energy. This renewable energy source can be used to produce electricity or mechanical power. For the home, a small-scale hydroelectric system can be installed to provide electricity.

Geothermal

Geothermal energy refers to the energy which is stored and generated in the Earth. Some sources of geothermal energy are the earth’s hot water and hot rock, and magma. Clean and sustainable, geothermal energy can be used to generate electricity, heat and cool buildings, and more.

Environmental Sustainability

Environmental sustainability is a green concept which encompasses all aspects of environmental protection. For homes, it involves the architecture of the home and the materials used in construction. To advocate a total system of environmental sustainability, homeowners are encouraged to opt for greener household items, appliances, and lifestyle. As the Earth’s resources are diminishing, environmental sustainability is gaining more importance.

  • Sustainability: Offers information on safe and sustainable communities, sustainable water, safer products, and more.
  • Environmental Sustainability: Come here to find out more about the National Science Foundation’s program for environmental sustainability.
  • Environmental Stewardship: The NIEHS’ efforts to promote environmental sustainability.
  • Report: The report by NASA Ames focuses on environmental sustainability in energy, water, air, material, transportation, and more.
  • Code for Sustainable Homes: Learn about what it means to practice environmental sustainability in homes.
  • Sustainable House Designs: Covers many aspects of house designs like the climate, site, orientation, windows, water, heating, and more.
  • Sustainable Homes: A comprehensive guide on sustainable homes.
  • Resources: The United Nations provide resources on the subject of environmental sustainability.

Power Generation

Nowadays, the trend for power generation is moving towards greener and cleaner options. Other than being greener, alternative power generation also helps to save costs because it’s renewable. For instance, a solar powered generator is powered by the sun, which is a free and abundant resource. The same is true for wind and hydropower options.

Keeping Your Home Safe

Keeping Your Home Safe

Nothing is more exciting than buying your first home. It’s freeing to have a space that can be decorated and furnished, to your own specifications. Though all too often we get so caught up in the unpacking, decorating and just living of our daily lives; that we neglect to think about some other important things we should be paying attention to. Though taking note of these things can in the long run, save our very lives. Sometimes, it’s not even that we overlook safety issues, but that we don’t know what to look for in the first place.

Knowing what to do and what to look out for is essential when moving into a new home. Take the extra steps now to keep your family and friends safe in your home. It will give you peace of mind and it can also save you money in the long run. Safer homes have lower insurance premiums and doing something about safety issues early, could save a homeowner from having to deal with costly repairs later. So, what exactly should you be thinking about and looking for?

Fire Safety

According to the Consumer Product Safety Commission, the United States has one of the highest fire death and injury rates in the world and they say fire, in the form of flames and smoke, is the second leading cause of accidental death in the home. They also state that more than 4,000 people die each year in home fires. Smoke is actually the killer in three in four deaths and fire departments are called to a fire about every twenty seconds. No part of the home is immune to fire, it can start anywhere in your home. Sometimes caused directly by people and sometimes caused by people’s things.

Keep fireplace flues and woodstoves clean, free of debris and have them serviced annually if used regularly. Smoking materials are also a major risk in the home and fires due to smoking kill approximately one thousand people annually. The best advice is to move smoking outdoors, but if not then think about the following. A cigarette or cigar that is dropped onto any flammable material like a bed or chair can cause a fire to erupt quickly. The same may be true for a match that isn’t truly out. So, make sure everyone’s cigarettes and cigars are completely extinguished into a deep glass, metal or heavy plastic ashtray or container. Never smoke when drowsy or where oxygen is being used and always be aware of any lit objects location.

Whether or not there is a smoker in the home, there may be lighters and matches, as we use them to light candles, fireplaces, stoves, and grills. The problem is that they often get into the wrong hands. It’s a fact that children are in the highest risk group for death due to home fires. They are also the most likely to play with fire and things used to set fires, setting around 35,000 fires a year. In 2010, two boys were horribly burned in Arizona in two separate accidents, due to playing with gasoline and matches. Even though one of the boys lived just blocks from the first victim and knew what had happened.

Another area where kids get into trouble is in the bedroom. They often do it in secret, finding whatever may be flammable. This could be the underside of a bed, a piece of clothing or a toy. Too often, these items are left behind while still smoldering only to later burst into flames. Lighters and matches should be put up and away from kids and teach them that fire is not to be played with. It is also important to replace any mattress made before 2007, when the Federal Mattress Flammability Standard was passed, making them less likely to burn easily.

Another risk area is the kitchen. Unattended cooking is most often the cause of this type of fire. It is always important to remain in the kitchen when grilling, broiling or frying any kind of food. If you must leave, than make sure to turn the stove off before leaving the room, this goes for using the oven as well. While you may leave the room, never leave the home while things are in the oven and always use a timer to remind you that something is cooking. It is also wise to never cook while tired, or under the influence of any alcohol or drug.

Kitchen appliances get hot and often stay hot. Do not set anything flammable on top or near your cook top. This includes towels, potholders, bags or even wooden utensils. Also, make sure any window dressings do not hang in or around a cooking area. Keep it clean! A fire can break out within an oven or on a cook top if grease and/or food are allowed to build up on surfaces. It is also important to keep pets from jumping up on counters and cooking areas. Even if the pet avoids the cooking area, they could easily knock something over onto it. If a fire erupts within a pan, cover it with a lid and turn off the unit. Never throw water on a grease fire! It will just spread the flames.

The same rules apply for outdoor barbecue grills, but in addition, there are a few other safety rules. Make sure your grill is stationed away from the side of the house and any railings or overhanging eaves or tree branches. It is also wise to steer clear of areas where a lot of people pass by, especially children. The outside of a grill can become very hot and there is also the danger of flames or spattering grease. Proper lighting fluids should be at all times and keep a hose nearby just in case. Again, keep all lighting fluids and materials up and out of reach of children.

Never leave candles unattended and watch where you set them, keep them clear of combustible materials such as drapes and make sure they are extinguished before you go to bed. The holidays are often a time when candles are used, but also think about Christmas trees and other decorations that could start a fire. Make sure lights are turned off when no one is around or at night. Items like trees and plastic can become dry and overheat due to the lights. Note that half of home fires start at night while people are sleeping.

Having working smoke detectors is a must! There should be at least one on each floor of your home and one in the kitchen. More is better when it comes to smoke detectors and if you throw in a sprinkler system, the safety odds go up. If you live in a manufactured home, understand that they go up quickly. Mobile homes account for one-third of housing fires, the sooner you can get out the better. In order to do that, frequently practice a home escape plan. This will imprint into your family’s mind what to do should a fire break out.

Finally, it is always wise to keep at least one fire extinguisher in your home. Fires can break out anywhere, so as with detectors, more is better. There are several types classed A to K, so make sure to purchase the right one for the needs you have. For instance, a Class A extinguisher is good for combustibles like wood and cloth, while a Class B is used for grease, gas and other flammable liquids.

Carbon Monoxide

The EPA recommends a carbon monoxide detector for every home. Carbon monoxide is dangerous because it is an odorless, colorless poisonous gas that is deadly. When fuels such as wood, coal, propane, oil or natural gas do not burn completely, carbon monoxide is produced. Gases can occur when things that use these fuels are improperly vented or malfunction.

Appliances such as gas water heaters; fireplaces, furnaces, heaters and gas stoves can all cause a carbon monoxide buildup. This can also come from the exhaust of a car. Never warm up your car or do any running repairs in a closed garage, even a small amount could harm you or cause you to pass out. If this were to happen, you would not be able to save yourself. 

Although you may not be aware of such a poisoning, there are symptoms. In a moderate case, someone might experience a headache, fatigue, shortness of breath, nausea, and become dizzy. With high levels there could be vomiting, mental confusion, muscular coordination loss and unconsciousness. Your appliances should be checked at inspection, but make sure and then follow up with regular checks. Also, never grill indoors or use any open burning item such as a propane heater indoors.

To install a carbon monoxide detector, choose an area that is free of clutter and where it will remain clean. Unlike smoke, carbon monoxide does not rise, but fills a room evenly. Thus, the height of the detector is not as important as it’s location. Place a detector in an area where it can be clearly heard and buy multiple units if you have areas like basements and separate laundry areas.

 

Natural Disaster Preparedness

Natural disasters occur around the world and there is nowhere one can go to completely be free of them. Earthquakes, typhoons, hurricanes, wildfires, floods, cyclones and tornadoes are often regular events in some areas. There are also places that may have to endure volcano eruptions. Every one of these events can wreak havoc on your home and your family. While you may not be able to stop these things from happening, you can identify potential hazards and prepare yourself for such an event.

Store chemicals like gasoline in sealed containers that are securely positioned, not stacked up high on shelves and keep them away from heat sources. If living in an area prone to earthquakes or hurricanes, think about keeping glassware and other fragile items in an enclosed area or a place where they will not become a hazard to you were they to fall. For heavy furniture items, it is a good idea to secure them with straps or braces attached to the wall.

During an earthquake, things will shift, sometimes violently, which can cause them to break or containers to spill over. Chemicals or flammables could put your home at risk for fire, as could the breaking of electrical lines or appliances. Check to make sure gas lines are not broken and leaking, look for anything that might have spilled so it can be repaired or cleaned up quickly.

After an earthquake, hurricane, or tornado avoid standing water or appliances that could be charged by electricity. If you think an appliance or other electrical item has been compromised, turn off the power before attempting to disconnect anything. Assume that any wiring on the floor or ground is live and dangerous.

Wildfires are often a problem for rural residents, but can quickly encroach on towns and cities as well. They spread quickly and can shift direction as easily as the wind. Prepare for such an incident by making sure you are not storing cut wood next to your home and keeping brush and shrubbery cleared away and trimmed. Also, make a family disaster plan. Decide where you will meet if separated, contact your fire department and learn how to practice wildfire safety and plan escape routes. Be sure that you report any hazards in your area to the forestry department or fire department. Keep roadways clear, and marked so emergency vehicles can reach you and post emergency telephone numbers near your phone.

In any disaster, it is best to be prepared. Have plenty of clean water set aside, start a safety box that is both fire and waterproof. It should hold things like extra eyewear, important documents, matches, a candle or flashlight and a list of emergency contacts. Make sure the entire family knows its location and what is to be used for. Sit down with them and create a disaster plan that prepares everyone in the family.

Check your homeowner’s insurance policy to make sure you are covered in the event of an emergency. Keep an updated list of what you have in your home along with the policy, protecting both in a fireproof box or safe deposit box away from your home.

 

Home Heating Safety

Space heaters are a common way to add extra heating and while used in many parts of the home, they are often used in bedrooms where they are increasingly a risk. It is very important to make sure an electric heater is stationed away from beds or any other flammable materials such as curtains and clothing. When purchasing a space heater, find one that shuts off when it gets tipped over and includes a safety shield. Most space heater fires and burns occur when the unit is accidentally tipped or fallen upon. Space heaters should never be used near small children or pets that innocently get too close and are often burned.

Gas heaters of any kind should not be used within the home unless properly vented outdoors. There is a high risk of carbon monoxide poisoning with these types of heaters. Electric heaters should also never be set up near water sources where they could cause electrocution or start a fire from shorting out.

Furnace filters should regularly be changed to keep a steady airflow and flammable items must be stored away from the unit completely. Even electric furnaces can give off a spark or get too overheated to have items stored around them.

Fireplaces and chimneys need to be cleaned regularly or creosote can build up and cause a fire. This is true of woodstove pipes as well. Boiler systems must receive regular maintenance as well.

 

Poison Prevention

First and foremost post the number of poison control either by your home phone or in an area it can easily be accessed and show it to everyone in your household. The number in the U.S. is: 1-800-222-1222. In the U.K. call 0845 4647. Canada has several numbers depending on region and so do other areas of the world. Find the number for your area and make note of it.

In the U.S. alone, more than two thousand poisonings are reported each year, with more than ninety percent happening within the home. Of course, the majority of these poisonings happen to children, but adults are the ones that most often die from poisonings.

Poisons should always be marked plainly. Do not put poisonous chemicals into unmarked spray bottles or containers and store them up and away from children and pets. Things like window washer fluid and anti-freeze are potential hazards often overlooked.

The problem is that many things people poison themselves with are not always thought of as poison.

Prescriptions and over the counter drugs can be a hazard if taken improperly or by someone other than who they are prescribed for. Bath salts, household sprays, soaps and oils can also be poisoning agents. When bringing any item into the house, make sure to read the ingredients and any warnings posted on the label.

 

Pool and Spa Safety

If your home has a pool or spa, there are many things you can do to protect both your family and your neighbors. First, make sure that the area is surrounded by a gated fence or enclosed by a wall. There should be no easy access to the outside nor anything set near to the area that could be used to climb over.

If your home has a doorway that enters directly into the area of your pool or spa, secure the entrance with a high level lock that cannot be reached by young children and add a self closing mechanism to the door so it can not be left ajar. Do not have open access points such as doggie doors that a child could easily maneuver through either. If necessary, purchase an electric one that is opened by the pet electronically, but even then keep a careful eye.

Available for pools, but standard for most spas, is a locking cover to keep unwelcome visitors from entering the water unobserved. There are also covers that lay atop the water for pools, as well as alarm systems that alert you if someone enters the water.

It is wise to take a CPR course so that in the event of a drowning you can act quickly. If you see someone struggling get to them immediately and help them to the side, it is a good idea to keep a floatation ring and hook nearby to aid you in such incidences. If someone is under the water, pull him or her out immediately and begin CPR only after calling for emergency help unless someone else can make the call.

 

First Aid Kits

Every home should have an emergency first aid kit. Preferably, one would be kept on each floor of a home and in the car. The kit would include such things as a scissors, bandages and dressings of all sorts. Bandage tape, an ace bandage for swelling and sprains, pain reliever and antibiotic. It is also advisable to keep alcohol swabs, tweezers, a blanket, a cold compress, hydrocortisone, gauze pads, a thermometer and possibly an inhaler. It doesn’t hurt to have a first aid manual either. Essentials especially designed for your family’s needs should also be added.

Electrical Safety

Electricity is an unseen danger unless there is some sort of spark; this makes it a deadly enemy. Electrical fires are all to common and as mentioned above, they can occur due to many factors. Taking a few moments to check your home for electrical hazards is always well worth your time and effort.

Shock is the first concern, than fire and burns. The bedroom is oddly one of the most common areas of the home for an electrical fire to start. The culprit is winter. It causes us to use things like electric blankets, space heaters and other appliances. We also tend to want more lighting during the winter months. When using something like an electric blanket or other heating device, make sure that the wires and cords are not cut or frayed, use only lab-approved items and try not to use extension cords. An overheated device can cause severe burns, as can short.

In any room of your home, do not lay cords down against walls where heat can build up. Make sure outlets are not overloaded with multiple cords. Check cords on all your electrical appliances, making sure they are not corrupted in any way. Keep pets away from cords as well, they often like to chew them and can be severely injured or killed by doing so. An often-overlooked hazard is that of using light bulbs that have too much wattage for the fixture. Check all lamps and fixtures to see what the guidelines are for the unit.

Homes are generally outfitted with GFCIs ground-fault circuit interrupters or AFCIs, which stands for arc-fault circuit interrupters. These prevent fire and electrical shock by turning off bad circuits. If your home does not have this type of plug-in, consider installing them. They are especially important in areas near water like kitchens and baths.

Never use a three-prong plug in a two-prong outlet as it could start a fire. If a light switch feels hot to the touch or lights flicker or go off, shut off electricity and replace the switch. Most troublesome are dryers, televisions, central heating, ovens and stoves.

With any electrical appliance, it is important to keep it clean. This includes things like computers, lighting, refrigerators and freezers. Dust will accumulate on such items and build up. When this happens there is a risk of short out and/or fire.

When there is a power outage in your area, turn off and unplug major appliances like televisions and computers, as there could be a power surge when power is returned. There can also be a problem with a houses wiring. Wiring issues account for many more fires than appliances and cost millions of dollars in property loss. Such issues would involve outlets and old wiring or trouble with extension cord overloading, circuits and cords laid under rugs in areas that are well used.

Water and electricity are a deadly combination. Be careful when using electric appliances in the kitchen and the bath. Keep such items away from children and areas where they normally bathe. Also, be sure to use safety outlet covers in any area where young children are present.

 

Securing Your Home Through Alarms and Monitoring Devices

Safety is something we cannot take for granted, but no matter how safe we keep the inside of our homes, there may be danger lurking outside. To protect your family from such dangers an alarm system or other monitoring device may be just what is needed.

Alarms come in varying designs and can be very expensive or relatively inexpensive to have installed. The least of which is a simple mechanism attached to the outside doors. An alarm sounds when a door is opened,. From there, you can add window and door alarms, motion detectors, and sensors. Alarms can be silent, have tones, or be loud horns with flashing lights. There are many options when looking into alarm systems. While some only alert you and your family, others will alert a monitoring service or your local police force to come to your aid.

Cameras can also be installed so that you can keep track of what is happening outside your home. This could aid police and insurance claims if acts or actions are caught on camera and recorded.

As you can see, there are a lot of things we can do to stay safe at home. What is mentioned here is only the beginning. Stay apprised of your surroundings and talk to your local fire department and police force to gain more information on what more you can do. If you live near a lake or other waterway, talk to the coast guard or get water safety tips from through your city or other government agency. Safety comes down to education and we can never have enough of that.

Home Renovations

Resources for Home Renovations

Renovating your home can both provide your space with a new feel and potentially save you money in the long run. Revamping different living spaces, such as the kitchen, bathrooms, and basement, all require different materials, tools, and expertise. Choosing the right type of flooring, using sustainable resources, and improving the energy efficiency of your home can make your home durable, functional, and beautiful while reducing the monthly cost of maintaining your space. Read on for a multitude of resources on every aspect of home renovation, from the inside out.

Kitchen

  • Kitchen Remodel Basics Several short, detailed videos on remodeling a kitchen, from planning to budgeting to design ideas.

  • Painting Kitchen Cabinets Tips and tricks on how to give your cabinets a face-lift without the cost of installing new ones.

  • Kitchen Lighting An interactive site providing information on the several lighting options for kitchens.

  • Redesigning a Kitchen This style guide provides information on design techniques for modern, vintage and minimalist kitchens.

  • Making the Most of Your Kitchen Ideas, resources and articles on remodeling and revamping your kitchen.

  • Types of Counters A comparison of the different types of counters, their benefits and faults as well as the approximate cost of each material.

Bathroom

Basement

Floors

  • Bamboo Flooring The pros and cons of using bamboo flooring in a renovation.

  • Flooring Compared A chart comparing the cost and benefits of several different types of flooring.

  • Selecting Carpet Some information and tips on selecting carpet for a home.

  • Selecting Vinyl Details the different types of vinyl flooring and what works best in different parts of the home.

  • Wood Floors and Finishing How to finish newly installed wood floors or refinish existing wood floors.

Walls, Ceiling, & Trim

  • Removing Mold How to handle drywall and sheet rock that contain mold.

  • Pro Painting Tips The five tips you should know before you begin repainting.

  • Installing and Finishing Trim How to renovate by installing baseboards, crown molding and trim.

  • Permits Ideas for when you may need to acquire a permit before removing walls or replacing ceilings.

Windows & Doors

Green Renovations

  • Designing and Remodeling a Home Tips on how to improve your home's energy efficiency with remodeling.

  • LEED For Homes Information on how to remodel a home to meet LEED certification.

  • Green Resources Tools for re-greening a home.

  • Sustainable Remodeling How to remodel your home using sustainable resources, including recycled materials and natural lighting.

  • Remodeling Tips How to remodel your home to become more energy efficient, and choosing a green contractor.

  • Benefits of Energy Saving This calculator tells you how much money you will save in the long run by remodeling your home with energy efficient materials.

Heating and Cooling

Electrical

Plumbing

  • Installing a Whirlpool Tub Step-by-step instructions on installing and hooking up the plumbing to a whirlpool tub.

  • Plumbing Permits Figuring out whether or not you need a permit for your plumbing project.

  • Hot Tub FAQ How to choose a hot tub and prepare the area where it will be located, including plumbing.

  • Plumbing Basics General information on how a home is plumbed and what to do during renovations.

  • Bathroom Plumbing Laying new pipe for bathroom renovations.

Additions/Building

  • Laws General laws, zoning and permit requirements for home additions.

  • Remodeling and Adding On Explains how an addition may be more cost effective than buying a larger home, and what an addition will add to the value of a home.

Exterior & Framework

Outdoor Renovations

Financial Resources

Financial Resources: The Costs of Home Ownership

The process of purchasing and owning a home is an exciting one to experience, especially for the first-time home buyer. It is a complicated process that takes time to complete, but once you have the house of your dreams it is worth the headache in the end. When deciding on which type of house you want to purchase, it is vital to keep in mind the actual costs associated with owning a home. If you do not take this into account, you could end up in more debt than you can handle.

Down Payment

When determining how much of a down payment to put down on your home, consider the fact that the higher the down payment, the lower the monthly payments of your mortgage. The traditional percentage to put on a down payment is 20 percent. If you obtain a loan for more than 80 percent, you will generally have to pay private mortgage insurance. Private mortgage insurance is designed to protect the lender in the event that you default on your loan. If you cannot afford 20 percent as a down payment, consider piggybacking a loan; obtaining one for the 80 percent and the other for the 20 percent; in the end, this option is often better for you than paying for private mortgage insurance.

  • Down Payment Calculator: Interactive down payment calculator that helps you determine how much you need to put down on a home.

Mortgage Loans

If you are first-time home buyer, there are some benefits available to you that are not available to those who have owned a home before. Although there are some benefits to this type of loan, it does not mean that you should obtain a first time home buyers loan. These types of programs have many strings attached and restrictions, so it is vital to read the fine print and compare before signing any documents. Other types of loan programs include the fixed-rate mortgage, which provides you with a fixed interest rate that stays the same throughout the term of the loan; an adjustable rate mortgage loan provides you with an interest rate that fluctuates throughout the term of the loan where it is on an annual basis, semi-annual basis, or monthly basis. The average interest rate depends on the type of mortgage loan you choose and currently ranges from around 2.99 percent to 5.125 percent.

  • Mortgage Loans: Outline of the different types of mortgage loans that are available.
  • Types of Mortgages: This article discusses the different types of mortgages and mortgage options.

Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI)

Private Mortgage Insurance, also referred to as PMI, is insurance that secures the lender in the event that you default on your loan with them. It is not often that people look forward to obtaining a PMI, but for some it is a requirement. The cost of PMI varies, but generally ranges between .5 and 1 percent of the cost of the loan amount. One benefit of PMI is that if the homeowner refinances the loan within 15 years, a portion of the PMI is refunded to them.

  • Cost of PMI: Understanding the cost of primate mortgage insurance. 

Closing Costs

In addition to the actual cost of the home, there are additional closing costs that are associated with the home buying process. These fees include the real estate broker’s commission and loan fees that include the loan origination fee, loan discount fee, appraisal fees, credit report fees, mortgage insurance application fees, assumption fee, mortgage broker fee, and the yield spread premium (YSP) fee. Other costs that are expected to be handled at closing include mortgage insurance premium, interest, flood insurance and hazard premium insurance; these are usually required to be paid in advance. Other closing costs include survey and inspection fees as well as recording and filing fees, settlement fee, document preparation, notary fee, attorney fee, and title insurance.

Home Equity Loans

Home equity loans are loans that you can take out on your home for the value, or equity, that it has obtained. Whether you have upgraded a number of features within the home, added onto the landscape, or if the economy has improved so that it increased the value of your home, this all adds equity into your home. The benefit of obtaining a home equity loan is that you have money needed to pay off debt or improve more aspects of your home. If you default, however, this puts you at risk for foreclosure. The average interest rate for a home equity loan, or second mortgage, is usually lower than that of a credit card.

  • What You Should Know: Descriptive article on what you should know, as a consumer, on home equity loans.
  • Home Equity Loans: This article discusses the ways the home equity loans can give you peace of mind.
  • Home Equity Loans: List of informational articles that discuss topics of home equity loans. 

Refinancing

The refinancing process is much like that of the initial process for the mortgage loan. In essence, you are replacing your first loan with another one. Refinancing can be beneficial if you are looking to reduce your monthly payments, reduce the amount of interest that you are paying or if you are trying to consolidate your debts. It is vital that you time the refinancing process at the right time. The interest rates should be lower than your current interest rate by 1/2 to 5/8 percent.

  • Refinancing Right: Website dedicated to teaching consumers how to refinance the correct way.
  • Refinancing: Article that discusses how mortgage rates are up and loan applications are down due to refinancing.  

Property and School Taxes

Property taxes are determined by the tax rates of the particular taxing jurisdiction as well as the property’s taxable assessment. The value of the home is taken into account as well as the amount of taxes that need to be raised for a particular fund. School taxes are calculated by taking the revenue that is needed to balance a budget and dividing it into the total property assessments of all properties located within the municipality. In order to find out the taxes you will be expected to pay before you purchase a home, discuss this with the real estate agent or broker ahead of time; they will have the current information.

  • Property Tax: Resource list provided by the Property Tax Division of South Dakota.

Homeowner’s Insurance

Homeowner’s insurance covers four different aspects within your home. These include coverage for your personal belongings, coverage for the structure of your home, liability protection, and coverage for additional expenses if you are unable to live in your home temporarily due to a disaster. Some of the disasters that are covered include fire or lighting, windstorm or hail, damage caused by an aircraft, smoke, theft, volcanic eruption, malicious mischief, and a riot or civil commotion. If you have extremely expensive items, such as jewelry or other valuable pieces, you will need to purchase additional coverage if the item that is a loss is in excess of $2,000. There are several ways you can lower your homeowner’s insurance which include raising your deductible, combining your home and car insurance with the same company, improving home security, and maintaining a good credit record.

  • Insurance Costs: This article explains 12 ways to lower the cost of homeowner’s insurance.

Income Tax Breaks

Owning a home allows you to have additional tax breaks that non-homeowners do not have. These include deducting the cost of your property taxes, the interest on the mortgage of a first and second home, the interest on a home equity loan up to $100,000, points you paid when you purchased the home, home improvements required for medical care, and any premiums you paid for PMI. In some states, you can deduct your state taxes as well.

Maintenance Costs

You can expect to pay between one and three percent of the value of your home each year on maintenance and repair costs. This is dependent on the age of your home and goes towards expenses such as checking the foundation, which can cost between $400 and $800 annually; gutters and downspouts; paint; caulking; windows and doors chimney; roof; heating, which can cost between $1,500 and $4,000 for furnace replacement, $2,000 to $4,000 for an electric heat pump and $2,500 to $3,500 for a hot water boiler; air conditioning, which can cost up to $1,500 to replace; and safety devices.

Lawn Care

Lawn Care and Maintenance

Lawns began to appear in city parks and on affluent properties after the Civil War in the 1870s. Lawn mowers and sprinkler technology helped lawns come of age in northern Europe and the United States. Lawns can be made of material other than grass such as the use of plants that include wildflowers, ground covers, low growing herbs and sedges that can all be walked on. Lawns are an important element when it comes to the fight against urban heat as well as providing a number of benefits to the environment. Some of these benefits include oxygen conversion, erosion control, air particle filtering, a place for enjoyment and recreation as well as a surface for air cooling to offset the heat from cement, asphalt and rooftops.

When speaking in terms of the types of grasses there are, there are three basic categories. These categories are cool season grasses, warm season grasses and grass alternatives. Some examples of cool season grasses include bluegrass, bent-grass, rye-grass and fescues as well as red fescues, feather reed grass and tufted hair grass. This type of grass starts to grow when the temperature is 41 degrees Fahrenheit and grows best between a temperature range of 50 and 70 degrees. This grass usually grows dense and retains color very well in extreme cold.

Warm season grasses include zoysiagrass, bermudagrass, St. Augustine grass, bahiagrass, centipe-degrass, carpet-grass, buffalo-grass and grama-grass. This type of grass begins to grow when the temperature reaches above 50 degree Fahrenheit. The grass grows fastest when the temperature is between 77 and 95 degrees. The generally turn shades of brown or tan when they go dormant in cooler months. Grass alternatives include creeping thyme, purple flowering maze and the Carex species which consists of caryophyllea, divulsa, glauca, pansa, praegracilis, subfusca, tumulicola and uncifolia.

There are three ways to plant grass: lay sod, seed and hydro-seeding, each of which should be done in early summer, early autumn and spring. During this time, the air is cooler and the soil is warmer. Although it takes longer for the lawn to establish, seeding is the least expensive option. The lawn can be more durable however because of the deeper rooting that is established.. Sodding can be done in any season in most temperature climates and provides an almost instant lawn. Although this is the case, it is more vulnerable to drought and more expensive. Hydro-seeding is a less expensive and quick way to plant larger hillside or sloped landscapes.

There are a variety of inorganic and organic or synthetic fertilizers that are available. These usually come with time-release or instant applications. Pesticides are available and include chemical and biological insecticides, herbicides and fungicides. The use of this material can be constrained due to the concern on their effect on the Ecosystem. Because of this, sustainable gardening is practiced which uses methods of organic horticulture such as biological pest control, organic fertilizers, companion planting and beneficial insects.

When caring for your lawn in the summer, you need to raise the lawn mower for cool season grass and lower it for lawns that have warm season grass. During this season, lawns require more frequent and longer watering to strengthen the root system; it is best done early in the morning. You should also apply an all-purpose fertilizer at this time. Take a sod sample to your landscaping expert for a test and treat the yard if necessary; during the hot months, fungus disease is more apt to occur.

In autumn months, the lawn can be cut lower and thatch buildup should be removed for fungal growth prevention. This is also an ideal time to fertilize the lawn for the upcoming dormant months in the winter; this gives your lawn a healthy start for the spring season. During the winter, you want to keep light feedings of organic material to a minimum as well as use minerals to promote beneficial microbes and earthworms. When speaking of water and water conservation, between 50 and 70 percent of residential water is used for landscaping. This results in the need of 200 gallons of fresh water per day per person that would be required to keep up the lawn area at a national level.

Biodiversity is reduced because most lawns are composed of one species of a plant, also refered to as mono-culture. It also reduces non-native introduced species which can further decrease biodiversity and vital habitats that are essential to the Eco-system. The use of inorganic materials, such as herbicides, pesticides and fungicides, can harm the environment. With the use of organic lawn management and other ecological techniques, the impact on lawns can be greatly reduced. Some of these methods include higher mowing techniques; the use of sedges, local grasses and low herbs; exclusive compost and organic fertilizer use; low volume irrigation; a pest management program that has been integrated; grass clippings from “grass cycling”; and the use of a variety of shrubs, trees, perennials and other plants surrounding the lawn. A healthy lawn prevents erosion of bare dirt, prevents run-off and filters contaminants.

Landscaping

A Homeowners Guide to Landscaping

Landscaping is a profession as well as a pastime. This activity involves modifying the natural elements over an area of land and making it look the way we want. The outcome of landscaping is a serene and tranquil natural habitat, full of greenery. Though the primary focus of landscaping is gardening activities, it also involves embellishments, such as erection of surrounding walls, waterfalls, seats etc. A complete landscaped area consists of a natural terrain filled with lush greenery, animals and birds (desirable), water bodies, shaded place to take shelter from the sun, sitting arrangements, and fences/walls. Landscaping is both an art and a science; in fact, it is a passion to make our surroundings look attractive and restful.

Landscaping Considerations

 

Everything important in life requires smart thinking and planning. First and foremost, you need to determine and measure accurately the plot of land for landscaping. You can ask for the plot map from your builder, surveyor, or the local county records office. The plot map will be used to determine the real shape of the land, and for determining property boundaries and locating utilities.

Before initiating your landscaping activities, you need to consider how much budget you have, the style of landscape that you want to see, how the garden will connect to your home, and how it will match with the surrounding areas. If you have budget constraints, you need not build the entire garden in one stretch. You can always opt for incremental add-ons in future. Do not overlook the fact that a landscaped garden needs maintenance, involving cost. You should consider maintenance within your budget also.    

Landscaping consists of several areas to ponder upon - climate, site drainage, soil pattern, existing plant habitat, human access to the garden, lighting, seating arrangements, boundary, and so forth. Take a look at your neighbor’s gardens to gather some ideas. Nowadays, themes in landscape are getting popular. Your theme should be in sync with your house, surroundings etc. Formal, Informal, English, and Victorian are some of the popular themes. You can also search the Internet for landscaping designs (with their pictures). Take a walk through your yard and make rough sketches of the plot and where you want your elements to be. Sketching often spawns innovative ideas.

Selecting plants is one of the most crucial activities in landscaping. You should be aware about the nature of your soil to select the right plants. Soil texture, Soil structure, and pH value are the primary elements that determine the nature of your soil. Soil is formed by the geological processes of weathering and erosion through ages. These processes break rocks and produce sub-particles - sand, silt, and clay. Sand particles are largest and the loosest, clay particles are the smallest and densest, while the silt particles stand in between. The relative composition of all these particles determines the nature of the soil and is termed soil texture. Soil structure on the other hand determines to what extent the soil clumps together, the size of the soil fragments, and its porosity. Soil with larger pores is desirable, as water drains through it quickly, leaving pockets of air for root growth. The pH value of the soil determines its acidity or alkalinity. If the soil has a large amount of calcium, or lime, it is alkaline; if the percentage of lime is less, it is acidic. All these primary elements determine the kind of plant that will thrive best in your garden. If you opt for a plant that is not fully suitable for your garden’s soil, you need to amend the soil suitably with composts, peat moss, and mineral dusts etc.  

There are other considerations for selecting your plant. You need to take into account the height and width of a plant in its mature form. This will determine how many plants you can include in your garden. It should not look too clumsy. The form of the plant - columnar, round, creeping etc. is important as well. Plants have their textures as well. Texture of a plant is determined in terms of thickness of its leaves. You can use more number of plants with finer textures than their coarser counterparts. Planning floral color is an important consideration. You need to determine the array of colors that your garden’s plants will show. Consider seasonal flower plants including plants with fruits to bring the desired color combination. The amount of light and shade can be controlled by shrubs, big trees, and structures. Carefully plan your garden layout to bring your desired light and shade effect. 

The layout of plants requires proper planning. You should follow the basic principles of simplicity in plant layouts. You should keep things simple in the beginning and you can always modify your layout later. A sense of balance or equality is also important. You can design your landscape either symmetrically or asymmetrically. Both have their merits and demerits; the asymmetric design is more complex. Experts in the field of landscaping follow the principle of natural transition. This calls for slow transition from one part of the garden to another. The transition is impacted by the type of trees, foliage, color of leaf etc. A simple example is the transition of large trees to medium trees and then to small trees. Repetition of a particular class of plants after gaps is also an important design consideration. Traditionally, formal rectilinear planting is preferred in Persia and Europe and formal asymmetrical design is preferred in Asian countries. You can opt for a mix of plant types, as long as the required sunlight, water and soil conditions are similar.

Additional Stuff

 

You can embellish your landscaped garden with cool lightings. Be careful about the safety and security of light fixtures. Choose stuff that can be operated safely in adverse climatic conditions such as snow and rain. Safety lighting is that kind of lighting that promotes safety and security to our house from malicious effects, and also beautifies your landscape. Cool lighting fixtures can embellish your landscape during the daytime also. Up-lighting and down-lighting gives an entire new dimension to your landscape. The direction of up-lights is upwards from the ground. These lights can be easily enveloped by bushes to give a better effect. The foliage can easily conceal the source of the light to create a mysterious ambiance. Down-lighting, as the name suggests, has the direction of top to bottom. They can either be mounted on the peripheral walls, or, can look similar to street lighting.  

Garden furniture is another thing you should consider and invest upon. Garden furniture may consist of center tables with chairs surrounding it. Umbrellas and parasols, outdoor shade systems, poolside loungers, and outdoor dining furniture can also be considered. Usually, the outdoor furniture is made up of robust materials, such as, plastic, wood, teak, aluminum and wrought iron. Buy all weather-proof outdoor furniture. It pays in the long run.

Hardscaping is another stuff to consider during landscape design. It refers to the development of paved areas, such as, patios, streets and sidewalks. These are also essential elements of your garden and if they look good and neatly laid out; your landscaped garden looks good in turn.

 

Sustainable Gardening

It is widely known that humans are depleting natural resources faster than the earth can replenish. Sustainable gardening aims at addressing this gap. It means making our yards healthy and functional by using chosen plants, techniques, and Eco-friendly products that benefit the gardener and the environment at large. The concept behind sustainable gardening is the design, maintenance, and operations practices to protect and improve the ability of landscapes so that it benefits humans and other animals in the Eco-system.

Native plants should be used for sustainable gardening. Native plants are more adaptive to local climates and ecology and are good for the local ecosystem. Moreover, they support local birds and insects and secure their habitats as well.

Measurement of site sustainability is another important concept in the parlance of sustainable gardening. Landscapes can be classified and compared on the basis of their sustainability by imparting some performance benchmarks. The focus is on minimizing hazardous impacts and maximizing positive impacts on the environment. Landscape sustainability can be measured on several counts, such as, adherence to local climate regulations; air and water cleansing; degree of soil erosion; pollination; waste decomposition and treatment; use of natural fertilizers like compost instead of artificial fertilizers, organic farming etc. 

 

This article gives you a fair idea about landscaping. This is a primer though. You need to study and research a lot before starting any landscaping activity. You may also obtain the help of a professional expert. Best of luck and enjoy your serene landscape!

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Home Buying Process

Home Buying Process For First Time Home Buyers

Buying a home for the first time is an experience that will take you through a rollercoaster of emotions. From feeling stresses and overwhelmed when making decisions and finalizing the process to the excitement and pride you feel once you have when you officially become a homeowner. Before taking the leap into purchasing a home, you should first make sure to understand the home buying process. Here are 10 steps of the home buying process that you need to become familiar with.  

Save Up Money and Get Finances in Order

When purchasing a home, there are a lot of costs involved throughout the entire process; many of which are due before closing. Some time between shopping for a house and closing for the home, there are many unexpected costs that can surprise you. Because of this, you need to make sure that you have enough money saved in the event that something goes wrong or needs to be handled immediately. In addition to having money saved, you should also make sure to have your credit in order.

The traditional percentage for a down payment is 20 percent of the cost of the home. If you do not have 20 percent, you be required to pay Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) which is a security measure that is taken by the lender in the event that you default on your loan. This can be anywhere between .5 and 1 percent of the cost of the loan. In addition to having money for the down payment and closing costs, you also need to have money set aside for any necessary repairs. It is important to understand that you need to have your finances in order, including a decent wage, in order to be financed for a loan.

Shop Around, Determine What You Want/Need/Can Afford

When shopping for a home, it is easy to look at homes that are out of your price range. This is especially the case when you have a real estate agent trying to sell you the best. It is vital that you shop within your means and be reasonable with the price. If you purchase a home that you have to struggle to pay every month, not only do you run the risk of foreclosure, you will also prevent yourself from enjoying your home because of the stress you will experience.

Another factor to consider when shopping around for a home is the potential for a future family. If you are single, consider if you plan on getting married and having children. If this is the case, you want to make sure that you have enough space so that you do not have to repeat this process again, or at least not right away. Also take into consideration your commute from work. You do not want your home to be too far for you to comfortable travel back and forth to work every day.  

Get Pre-Approved for a Mortgage

Determine how much you can afford on a house, taking into consideration the other expenses that come along with a home. Make a list of the potential homes that you are interested in and ensure they are in your price range. Get pre-approved for loans that cover the purchase cost of the home so that you can know whether or not to even look further into the opportunity. In addition to being prepared for what to expect, you also have a better advantage with the seller if they know ahead of time that you have been pre-approved for the home they are trying to sell you.

By obtaining pre-approval from your lender, this will save you a lot of time and frustration throughout the process. Many people wait until they find the exact home they want and they negotiate with the buyer before knowing whether or not they are pre-approved. When it comes a time that they are denied pre-approval, this creates stress and disappointment in a time that should be new and exciting. It also slows down the process because you have to start over in the home buying process to find another home that can meet with what you fell in love with at first.  

Find a Real Estate Agent to Guide You

Find a real estate agent that can help guide you through the process. This is beneficial especially for those who either are not familiar with the best options of finding homes or simply do not have the time to go searching for potential homes. When you hire a real estate agent, not only are they knowledgeable in the real estate business, they know what to expect and can provide you with potential homes once you give them an idea of what it is that you are looking for,

In addition to hiring a real estate agent, it is also a good idea to hire an attorney at this point. The attorney will help you understand the paperwork from a legal aspect and what it best for you and will guide you through the legal aspects of closing. This eliminates any confusion you may have as a first-time home buyer.  

Choose House, Get Final Approval for Funding

Choose the house that you have decided on and get the final approval for funding from your bank. This step basically secures the amount of money you will need to purchase the home. You will receive final approval for funding once it is determined that you meet all of the qualifications that the lender has outlined in the letter. These qualifications can include your credit rating and the amount of your down payment.

If you have a great credit score along with stable employment that shows you can afford the home in question, chances are that the final approval will require you to have very little documentation. Documentation that you will need includes paycheck stubs, tax returns and bank statements.  

Put in an Offer on the Home; Negotiate

When you are purchasing a home, you should know that the seller often places the selling price at a higher level that what he or she expects. This is simply because they are expecting a negotiation effort on your part. When making an offer, do so in writing or confirm the verbal offer in writing. Do not get discouraged if you make an offer and the seller does not immediately accept your offer. You may need to go back and forth a few times before the both of you agree on a price. Sometimes you may not be able to come to an agreement easily and may need additional documentation.

Sometimes if you have an appraisal completed, you can justify whether the asking price is too high or too low. Banks require an appraisal before providing a loan, so obtaining this information should not be difficult. This piece of information will help the seller if you are asking for a price that is too low and it will help you if the seller if asking for a price that is too high.

Get an Inspection

After your offer an offer has been agreed upon, you will need to have an inspection done before finalizing the sale. This step determines whether anything needs to be repaired or replaced before the closing. Make sure the purchase contract identifies who is responsible for paying for the inspection and confirm how you will work with the seller on the coverage of any necessary repairs. The contract should also reveal what should be done in the event that some flaws cannot be handled by the seller.

The inspector will take a look at a variety of places within the home to ensure that they are in working order. This includes termites, plumbing, windows, insulation, asbestos, radon gas and lead-based paint. The inspector will also inspect for problems that are electrical and problems with the appliance, exterior, interior and on the roof.

Get Insurance

Title insurance is necessary in that it protects you from problems that have to do with previous owners. This simply insures that there is not a problem that will keep you from obtaining a clear title. Some of the problems that can occur include lien claims, lien because of unpaid taxes and other mortgage issues. Flood insurance is another type of insurance that you need to obtain as well as home warranties. Home warranties cover the replacement and repair costs home appliances because of normal wear and tear.

Another type of insurance that you need to obtain is homeowner’s insurance. This type of insurance is a requirement and covers your home and personal property in the event of loss or damage. There are four types of coverage within a home insurance policy. This includes coverage for personal belongings, your home structure, liability protection and temporary living expenses in the event you cannot live in your home due to damage or loss.  

The Closing

The closing process is the official meeting that transfers ownership from the seller to the homebuyer. When you are at the closing phase of purchasing your home, you are almost finished with the home buying process. Before signing any paperwork, it is important that you ask questions if you have them and make sure that you fully understand what you are signing. In addition to yourself and the seller, you can expect your attorney to be present as well as he closing agent, the seller’s real estate agent, the lender and the representative of the title company.

This is your chance to discuss any last-minute questions or changes before anyone signs the documentation. The legal documents you will sign falls into two categories: a contract between you and the seller than confirms the transfer of ownership and the agreement with the lender that details the terms and conditions of the loan. You will then handle the closing costs and escrow items. You will sign the deed, affidavits, the note, the mortgage, the settlement sheet and the truth-in-lending statement.  

Moving In

After closing is finalized, you can then make plans to move into your first home. You can either pack all of your boxes and move everything yourself, or you can have a few friends help out with the process. You can also choose to hire a moving company to do this for you. This option can be rather expensive, so depending on your budget, you may need to plan this well in advance.

Some things that you need to consider when moving is to ensure that you do not forget anything. This includes transferring all of your utility services to your new location and forwarding your mail with the post office. The moving process and be another stressful and emotional experience because you are beginning your life in a new location. With such a big investment, it is important to keep up with the maintenance of your home in order to protect such a valuable asset. Now that you have gone through your first home-buying experience, you can enjoy the benefits of owning a home.

How to Paint

How to Properly Paint

Whether you are a first-time home buyer and want to change the existing colors of the walls in your new home, or if you just want a change of scenery in your existing home, painting your walls is a process that needs to be done correctly. If you do not understand the proper techniques and basics of painting, your walls could end up look very unprofessional and may require a professional to come in and correct your attempt. In addition to understanding the correct way to paint a room, you first need to understand the types of paint that are available and the types of materials you will need. Depending on your ideal outcome, certain types of paints may not match what your goal is.

Types of Paint

There are two main types of paint that you will come in contact with: latex and alkyd. These two types of paint are both of excellent quality; although this is the case, they are not compatible with each other and need to be chosen between before beginning to apply the paint to any surface. One main rule to remember is to never apply water over oil, but you can apply oil over water. This is essential to remember because alkyd house paint is an oil base paint, but latex and acrylic paints are water based paints. This simply means that you can apply a coat of alkyd paint over latex paint, but never latex paint over alkyd paint.

Latex Paint

Latex paint dries quickly due to the fact that it is water-based and it is also almost odorless. You can also have an environmentally-friendly clean-up since you can accomplish this with water. One thing to remember is that most water-based paints contact Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs); although this is the case, there are now low and no-VOC paints available on the market. This type of paint has a tendency to show brush marks when applied to surfaces and should only be used when the temperature is above 50 degrees Fahrenheit. There are lower temperature versions that can be applied when the temperature is at 35 degrees. Do not alow the paint to freeze during or after the application process; allow the curing phase to be completed before allow freezing temperatures to come in contact with the surface.

Acrylic latex house paint that is 100 percent acrylic is the best type of water-based paint. This type of paint performs better than cheaper types of latex house paints and has other qualities such as ease of application, splatter resistance and a high chip resistance. In addition, it also can be scrubbed and has great sheen and color retention.

Alkyd Paint

A large number of professional painters prefer to use this type of paint, especially when speaking in terms of interior trim. This is simply because of the durability and stain resistance this paint has as well as the fact that it dries with less brush marks in comparison to the latex paint. Some of the major drawbacks include the fact that is dries slowly and has a strong solvent smell. The paint contains extremely high levels of VOCs , so this is something that you need to consider when choosing the type of paint you will use. If you do decide to use this type of paint, make sure that you have adequate ventilation and do not allow children or pets in the room with you.

Other Types of Paint

In addition to these two main types of paint, there are other types of paint that you need to become familiar with. These include elastomeric, direct to metal (DTM) and epoxy. Elastomeric is an exterior paint that has rubber-like qualities. This is a good choice for some wood surfaces due to the fact that it bridges over small cracks and can stretch with the surface. DTM paint is generally an industrial finish although sometimes you may find it available to the public. This is primarily an exterior product and can be applied to steel siding with great results. Epoxy paint is chemical resistant and very tough. This two-component paint is mostly used on interior surfaces and is as tough as it gets. It is ideal for jobs that need a tough finish, such as garage floors.

Prepare for Painting

Once you have chosen the right type of paint and picked the right color for the room, it is time to prepare the area for your painting project. Make sure that you plan an entire day for preparation. Sand the walls so that the preexisting color is removed; this step also ensures that the new paint can adhere to the surface better for a lasting finish. You may also need to scrape some areas of the surface to remove any imperfections such as bumps and old drips that may have existed from a previous paint job. This is also the day when you need to patch any holes that are in the surface as well as caulk any gaps. After all of this preparation is complete, make sure that you remove any remaining dust and clean the surface with soap and water so you have a pristine surface to start with.

Prime the walls so that the paint can adhere to the surface. Primer acts as a glue when painting and should also be sanded after it is applied and has dried. You may also place masking tape along the edges of the trim so that the paint does not get mistakenly brushed onto the surface. Be careful with this option as this can also cause the paint to bleed underneath the tape or the existing paint underneath the paint to be removed once the tape is removed. One way to avoid this is to use angled paint brushes so that tape does not have to be used. Make sure to lay protective covering over everything in the room that does not need to be painted (e.i. furniture, flooring, hardware, outlets, etc.)

Begin Painting

First begin with the angled brush and paint around the edges of the wall as a border so that the chances of you stroking over the trim is lessened. Make sure that the brush is at least 3 inches wide so that you have a protective space for when you begin to paint the rest of the wall. Hold the brush firmly with gentle pressure so that your movement is steady. One tip to advise is to make sure you always keep a damp cloth with you in the event that you accidentally paint on a place where you did not want the paint to be.

Fill a paint roller tray with enough paint so that it reaches the grate. Using a paint roller, dampen it before rolling it in the paint. If you have decided on a water-based paint, dampen the roller with water; if you have decided to paint your walls using an oil-based paint, dampen the roller with paint thinner. Dip the paint roller into the paint and roll it back on the grate to release excess paint so that dripping is minimized, ensuring that the roller is completely covered with paint.

Apply the paint to the walls with the roller making an “M” or “W” shape; this allows the bulk of the paint to be distributed on the wall. Follow by filling in the unpainted spaces with vertical strokes, painting evenly through each line and overlapping the edges of the border that you previously painted so that the brush lines are minimized. Repeated this step until the entire wall is covered. When the roller makes a peeling sound, it is time to roll it in more paint because it is getting too dry.

Before you apply a second coat, wait until the first coat is completely dry. Depending on the type of paint you use, this could take up to six to eight hours. For a superior finish, you have the option to sand the entire wall again to ensure that you have a smooth finish. Apply the second coat of paint in the exact same manner as you did with the first coat and allow to completely dry.

For the trim, if you are painting broad molding such as wainscoting and baseboards, use a wide, straight-edged brush to paint the largest section of the trim. This lessens the amount of time and amount of meticulousness that you have to spend on the trim. Once you have painted the bulk of the trim, use a small angled brush that is about 1 or 2 inches in width and finish the trim. Carefully paint a straight line along the edge of the trim and let just a hairline of the paint get onto the wall. This allows the small amount of paint to cover any imperfections that may be on the molding. When you are painting the trim, make sure to press gently and firmly as you did when painting the border of the wall. This helps you keep steady and lessens the chance of accidental painting.

Home Maintenance Checklist

Home Maintenance Checklist

Homeowners have a duty to make sure their homes are as healthy as they can make them. This ties in to healthy home maintenance, and a healthy home is said to be one that is built, maintained, and then rehabilitated in a way that promotes the good health of its occupants. A few goals that homeowners should have with regards to a healthy home is keeping it dry, orderly, ventilated, contaminant-free, free from pests, secure, and also maintained. Healthy home maintenance will lead to a lessening of allergens, a lower likelihood of injuries resulting from accidents, and also a prevention of sickness.

Spring

Yard & Exterior

  • Make sure to assess the water drainage in order to see that it flows away from the residence.
  • Check the whole area of the yard to evaluate whether there are any fall, trip, choking, and sharp-edge hazards. If there are, be sure to remove them from the yard.
  • If you have a pool on the property, make sure to maintain the fence around the pool so that it is intact.
  • Assess the year to see whether there are signs of pests in or around it, pests like roaches, rats, termites, or bats. If there are, an exterminator should be called.
  • Sanitize the window wells and evaluate the drainage.
  • Clean both the downspouts on the property, as well as the gutters.

Exterior Roof, Walls, Windows

  • Evaluate to see whether the shingles on the roof are in good condition.
  • Assess the valley, chimney, and the plumbing vent, and also the skylight flashing.
  • Check to see that the gutters emit water away from your home.
  • Assess the attic to see if it has any indications of the roof leaking.
  • See if any paint is peeling on the outside of the house.
  • In the area where the deck is connected to the residence, see if there are any indications of leaks.
  • To see if the flashing of the home is intact, be sure to check the bottom of the doors and windows.
  • Evaluate the home’s door and window sills to determine if leaks are present.
  • If the dryer vent needs cleaning, attend to it.
  • Determine if the exhaust ducts are clear. If not, then clear them.

Basement & Crawlspace

  • Determine that there are no puddles or wet surfaces here.
  • Look for the sump pump, and see if its valve is working properly.
  • Evaluate the floor drain to see if it is working.
  • Look after the surfaces of the basement by vacuuming them.

Interior Walls, Ceilings, Windows, Doors

  • Assess the operation of both doors and windows to see that they open and close smoothly.

Appliances

  • Attend to the screens and dryer vents of appliances by cleaning them.
  • Attend to the exhaust fan outlets and their screens by cleaning them.
  • Find the drain pans and coils on air conditioners and clean those.
  • Evaluate the operation of the dehumidifier, and clean its coils.

Plumbing, Fixtures and Appliances

  • Assess the drains and the supply time for any leaks that may have occurred.
  • Evaluate the functioning of kitchen and bathroom fans.

Electrical Equipment

  • Evaluate any electrical equipment for possibly damaged cords.
  • Do tests to determine if the ground fault interrupters are working fine.
  • Analyze carbon monoxide and smoke alarms to see if they are working well.

Garage

  • Make certain that fuel cans are stored properly.
  • Ensure that the garage door safety shut-off is in working order.
  • See if there are any indications of any water damage.
  • See if there are any indications of the presence of rodents, termites, roaches, or bats.

HVAC Equipment

  • Replace the filters on any air conditioners.

Fall

Yard & Exterior

  • Check the whole area of the yard to evaluate whether there are any fall, trip, choking, and sharp-edge hazards. If there are, be sure to remove them from the yard.
  • If you have a pool on the property, make sure to maintain the fence around the pool so that it is intact.
  • Assess the year to see whether there are signs of pests in or around it, pests like roaches, rats, termites, or bats. If there are, an exterminator should be called.
  • Make sure that the outdoor hoses and faucets are drained.
  • Sanitize the window wells and evaluate the drainage.
  • Clean both the downspouts on the property, as well as the gutters.

Exterior Roof, Walls, Windows

  • Assess the attic vents to see that everything is alright.
  • Make any necessary repairs on glass that has been either cracked or broken.
  • If the dryer vent needs cleaning, attend to it.
  • Determine if the exhaust ducts are clear. If not, then clear them.

Basement & Crawlspace

  • Determine that there are no puddles or wet surfaces here.
  • Look for the sump pump, and see if its valve is working properly.
  • See if there are any indications of termites, bats, rodents, or roaches.

Appliances

  • Clean out any outdoor air intakes along with any screens.
  • Furnaces, hot water heaters, and boilers should be cleaned.
  • Both ranges and ovens ought to be cleaned.

Plumbing, Fixtures and Appliances

  • Evaluate the hot water heater for signs of any leaks.
  • See if the boiler has any leaks.
  • Assess if the water meter or main or the well pump is exhibiting any signs of sweating or leaking.
  • Assess the drains and the supply time for any leaks that may have occurred.
  • Evaluate the functioning of kitchen and bathroom fans.

Electrical Equipment

  • Evaluate any electrical equipment for possibly damaged cords.
  • Analyze carbon monoxide and smoke alarms to see if they are working well.

Garage

  • Make certain that fuel cans are stored properly.
  • Ensure that the garage door safety shut-off is in working order.
  • See if there are any indications of the presence of rodents, termites, roaches, or bats.

HVAC Equipment

  • Replace the filters on any warm air furnaces.
  • Set the outdoor air to the heat recovery ventilation setting again.

Attic

  • Evaluate the attic to see if there are any indications of pests like bats, rodents, roaches, or termites.
  • Assess if the attic has suffered any water damage.
  • Make certain that the insulation is in place.

Annual

Exterior Roof, Walls, Windows

  • Only in the winter, determine if there are any ice dams or icicles that are present.

Interior Walls, Ceilings, Windows, Doors

  • Determine if there exist any indications of water damage.

Plumbing, Fixtures and Appliances

  • Inspect the connections in the washer hoses.
  • Look at the hoses of the dishwasher to see if any leaks are present.
  • Inspect the toilet supply and the shut-off valve.
  • Make sure the connections between the ice maker and the refrigerator’s drip pan are cleaned and assessed.
  • See if the surrounding area of the shower and the tub exhibits any sign of damage.
  • See if the drains and the traps under the showers, tubs, and sinks have any leaks in them.
  • Every two years, be sure to also clean the septic tank.

Electrical Equipment

  • Once every year, be certain to check all outlets for correct ground, neutral, and hot connections.

Attic

  • See if the fans still emit exhaust out of the house by inspecting the duct work connections.

As Needed

Interior Walls, Ceilings, Windows, Doors

  • Repair the doors and the windows, and apply lubricant to them also.

Appliances

  • Clean the screens that are found on the kitchen range hood.

Common Repairs

Guide To Common Repairs In The Home

Home repairs entail first the diagnosis and then the resolution of repair issues in a home. It is a subject that is associated with home maintenance as a way to elude such problems. Most types of common repairs in the home are do-it-yourself projects, yet some can be quite risky and complicated, which necessitates the assistance of a handyman, a contractor, a property manager, or other professional. Home improvement should not be necessarily confused with home repairs, even though some home improvement projects stem from repair issues in the home.

Install A Window Air Conditioner

Installing a window air conditioner involves measuring the size of the window onto which you want to install the air conditioner. Also measure the size of the air conditioner unit to make sure that it will fit into the window opening. Place the air conditioner into the window opening and attach it into place with the mounting brackets that should come in the box of the unit. Lower the window onto the air conditioner and attach the extensions of the air conditioner to the window frame. Finally, plug in the unit and enjoy the cooler air.

? Step-by-step Guide on Installing a Window Air Conditioner: Easy steps on putting in a window air conditioner.

? Tips for Installing a Window Air Conditioner Unit: Tips for those who are looking to put in a window air conditioner.

Insulate The Attic

The goal of insulating an attic is to keep the house warm in the winter, yet cooler in the summer. The resulting effect of insulating an attic is that it will save the homeowner money in terms of heating bills. As far as what to insulate, homeowners have the option of insulating the joints of the floor to the attic floor or even to the roof-supporting rafters. How much installation a person can install is much of the time decided by the size of the framing members.

? Fact Sheet on Attic Insulation: Information for people who want to insulate their attic.

? Basics of Attic Insulation: An instructional write-up for those who want to insulate their attic.

Replace A Screen

Replacing a screen is a job that readily fits into the do-it-yourself category of home repairs. Among the easiest of home repair jobs, replacing a screen only becomes a necessity if the hole or rip in the screen exceeds three inches; smaller holes or rips than that can and should be patched instead. If the screen in question is made out of material like fiberglass or plastic, then they will not lend themselves well to mere repair and should be replaced. Replacing a screen has to do with visual appearance concerns as well as practical ones. Screens that have holes or rips in them don’t look attractive, and they also allow small varmint into the house.

? Replacement of a Window Screen: A guide complete with pictures on how people can replace a window screen.

? Replacing a Window Screen in Certain Kinds of Frames: A walkthrough on fixing screens in metal and wood frames.

Install Curtain Rods

Installing curtain rods are a necessity before windows are dressed up with drapes or curtains. First, you have to judge whether to mount the curtain rods on the wall or on the window casing. Place brackets beyond the window’s edge after having carefully determined the appropriate height. With a pencil, mark the position of the bracket holes on the wall, and then the placement of the top of the brackets. After drilling pilot holes into the markings on the casing or the wall, insert screws into the brackets, fix them to the wall, and place the rods into the mounting brackets.

? Step-by-step Instructions on Installing Curtain Rods: Instructions for anyone who wants to install a curtain rod.

? Installation of Single Curtain Rods: Guide on how to install single curtain rods.

Fix A Drafty Door

Fixing a drafty door is needed for two reasons. One, the drafty coming in from a door can be aggravating, and, two, the energy bills will likely increase because some of the heat will be escaping through the gaps in the door. In general, it is harder to fix a drafty door with weatherproofing material, only because the door sees more usage than does a window. To halt drafts from getting in underneath a door or around it, the gaps must be sealed while still letting people use the door properly.

? Information on Weatherstripping: Web page that talks about the usefulness in weatherstripping doors to prevent drafts.

? Weatherstripping the Home: Information about different kinds of weatherstripping to block drafts from doors.

Fix A Loose Doorknob

Fixing a loose doorknob depends on first ascertaining the type of lock that is attached to the door. In general, doors feature either a lockset, on newer models of doorknobs, or mortise-style passage locks, which are found on older types of doorknobs. Actually fixing a loose doorknob is based on simply tightening either the lockset of the doorknob or the doorknob itself. Fixing a loose doorknob should be done in such a way that there is no overtightening, which is also a risk.

? Guide on Fixing a Loose Doorknob: A brief guide on how to approach fixing loose doorknobs.

? Tightening a Doorknob That is Loose: A guide on tightening up doorknobs that are loose.

Repair A Broken Window

When a broken window is in need of repair, the expenses for the repair can get quite costly. Much of the time, a glazier has to be called, but in really awful situations, a more expensive call to a window replacement company has to be made. Alternately, repairing a broken window is something that a non-professional may also attempt, but this requires a working knowledge of how a window pane is constructed, along with hours of personal time. Therefore, homeowners ought to weigh the pros and cons of window repair from professionals versus doing it themselves.

? Steps to Repair a Broken Window: An instructional guide to repair a broken window.

? Repairing a Window at Home: An article on fixing a broken window at home.

Unclog A Toilet

There are a few different ways to go about unclogging a toilet. There is the hot water and dish soap method, the enzymes method, the vacuum method, the plunger method, the plumbing snake method, and the wire coat hanger method. While unclogging a toilet is not a particularly pleasing activity, it is uncomplicated enough that most homeowners ought to be able to do the job themselves without having to pay for a plumber’s services. Toilet clogs also happen at some of the most unexpected moments and may catch homeowners off-guard.

? Repair Tips for the House: Unclogging a Toilet: Suggestions on what to do to unclog a toilet, in the “Taking the Plunge” section of the web page.

? Steps to Fix a Clogged Toilet: Instructions on fixing a clogged toilet quickly.

Fix A Leaky Toilet

A usually reliable indicator of a leaky toilet is a pool or puddle of water on the floor next to the toilet bowl. Furthermore, such a manifestation usually means that the root cause of the leaky toilet is a dysfunctional gasket seal. On the other hand, a leaky toilet may also be from water actually leaking into the tank itself. This kind of toilet leak usually can be identified by the sound of the toilet tank refilling constantly after it has been flushed.

? Steps on Fixing a Leaky Toilet: A mini-guide on what to do to try to fix a leaky toilet.

? Video on Fixing a Leaky Toilet: A video that instructs people on how to stop a toilet from leaking.

Fix A Leaky Sink

Fixing a leaky sink may not be as difficult as some homeowners may think it is. One common cause of a leaky sink is an ineffective seal the sink strainer and the sink itself. Leaks caused by a sink strainer that is not working right is a reason that many homeowners have learned to fix their own leaky sinks. Leaky sink repair does not typically demand extensive repair styles, which is why many home repair stores sell all the items needed for people to do their own sink repairs.

? Solution for Leaking Sinks: Write-up on how to proceed in fixing a leaking sink drain.

? Repair Idea for a Leaking Sink: Series of actions to take to fix a leaky sink drain trap.

Replace A Faucet

In replacing a faucet, the most challenging aspect will always be properly removing the old one. A reason for this is that as homeowners remove the old faucet, they sometimes run into unexpected problems like poor access to fittings or nuts that are hard to reach. Upon the purchase of a new replacement faucet, there will usually be instructions included in the package. In most cases, the installation of the new faucet will be quite straightforward and easily doable based on the instructions.

? Advice on Replacing a Faucet in the Bathroom: Brief instructions for people on how to replace a faucet.

? Guide to Replacing a Faucet: A guide on replacing a faucet that also features running animation to illustrate the point.

Install New Rain Gutters

Rain gutters are installed in order to protect a home from suffering from water damage. A key step in the successful installation of new rain gutters is to adjust the slope of the rain gutters properly and then also to measure the slope of the eaves. While rain gutters are usually installed by a professional, do-it-yourselfers can also attempt to install them, provided they have the proper guidance and equipment. All the required accessories and materials are located at home centers.

? The Installation of Rain Gutters: Explanation of how to install new rain gutters from This Old House magazine.

? Rain Gutter Installation Explained: A walkthrough on how to install new rain gutters.

Remove Wallpaper

Removing wallpaper comes at a time when a homeowner usually decides that the current wallpaper is ugly and so needs changing. The touchy issue when removing wallpaper has to do with making sure not to damage the actual wall underneath. Quite a few options exist when it comes to removing wallpaper—such a spraying with chemicals or steaming—but ultimately, it is up to the homeowner to decide what works best. Removing wallpaper is something that do-it-yourselfers can learn, but it demands patience.

? Steps on Removing Wallpaper: Guide on how to remove wallpaper includes different methods of doing so.

? Instruction on Removing Old Wallpaper: Steps people can take to remove their old wallpaper.

Replace A Light Switch

When homeowners replace a light switch, they have to make sure that safety comes first. To do this, homeowners should turn the power off to the circuit that feeds the light switch. The next step involves actually pulling the old light switch from the electrical box and then disconnecting and also removing the light switch. Finally, the new switch should be installed, and the light switch cover plate attached to the wall.

? Video on how to Replace a Light Switch: An instructional video that demonstrates how people can replace a light switch.

? Handymans’ Explanation of how to Replace a Light Switch: Step-by-step guide on how a person should go about replacing a light switch.

Turn On A Furnace Pilot Light

Turning on a furnace pilot light is a necessity that may come about because of a draft making the pilot light go out. Attempting this home repair job should be easy because the instructions for it are usually fastened directly to the furnace itself. Typically, this job involves turning off the furnace’s gas valve and then putting the valve to pilot setting. Light a match and hold it to the pilot opening as the reset button on the pilot control panel is pushed. Make sure the reset button is depressed until the pilot flame burns strongly again; at this juncture, switch the gas valve to the on position.

? Pilot Light Relighting Advice: Brief suggestion on what to do if pilot light needs to be relit.

? Tips on Dealing with Pilot Light that went out: Tips on what to do if a pilot light is out, in the “E” section on pilot lights.

Repair A Rotten Windowsill

Repairing a rotten windowsill all has to do with how bad the rotting of the windowsill is. If the rotten windowsill is not that extreme, then homeowners should be able to dig out the dry rot until they reach the good and new wood. When the new wood is reached, epoxies may be employed to fill in the void before sanding, priming and painting follow. If the dry rot in the windowsill is that bad already, then the only solution is to remove the entire windowsill and install a new one.

? Windowsill Repair: Web page that advises on the cost of repairing a rotten windowsill and why it rots to begin with.

? Advice on Windowsill Repair: In-depth advice on how to deal with a rotted windowsill.

Patch A Hole In Carpet

Patching a hole in a carpet can be a beneficial solution if you have a nasty hole or even an unsightly stain. All it takes is to first cut out the entire, affected area with a knife. The cut-out piece of carpet should be used as a pattern for cutting out the new patch. Apply carpet adhesive on the back of the patch, on the carpet pad that is exposed, and beneath the edges of the carpet that surrounds the hole. Push the patch into the hole in the carpet and run fingers over it to make sure it sticks. After permitting the glue to dry for six hours, the area of the patch should be vacuumed.

? Instructions on Patching Holes in a Carpet: Detailed instructions on how to patch a hole in a carpet.

? How to Patch a Carpet: Example of how to use a tool to patch a hole in a carpet.

Fix The Thermostat

Fixing the thermostat is a necessity if homeowners do not want to needlessly pay for increased energy bills. Often, when a home’s air conditioner or heater is not working properly, homeowners suspect the air conditioner, boiler, or furnace. However, the real reason behind the malfunction may be something much simpler and therefore easier to fix, which is the thermostat. The basic definition of a thermostat is the physical interface between a home’s cooling and heating system and the occupants of the home.

? Tips on Repairing Your Thermostat: Advice on how to go about fixing a thermostat that does not work.

? Replacing a Thermostat: Article on replacing an old thermostat with a new one.

Repair A Jammed Garbage Disposer

A garbage disposer is a basic machine, just a flywheel and a motor with impeller arms that shred everything they make contact with. Once in a while, such a machine does jam on debris or even trip a circuit breaker when it gets overloaded. In the case of a jammed garbage disposer that needs repairing, a professional needs not be called because the repair job is usually simple enough. Clearing the jam in a garbage disposer involves turning off the machine and then manually clearing it from both underneath and above by using pointed, long objects.

? Fixing the Garbage Disposal: Brief information on the steps to take when a garbage disposal gets jammed.

? Advice from a Handyman: A handyman gives tips on how to unjam a garbage disposer.

Repair A Crack Or Hole In The Wall

Repairing a crack or a hole in the wall is a simple home repair job that requires spackling compound. After widening the crack of hole slightly to blow out plaster dust, fill the crack or hole with the compound, using either a putty knife or simply fingers. After permitting the compound to dry, sand it down with a sanding block that is wrapped with fine sandpaper. Finally, prime the patched crack or hole with sealer and finish to match the color of the wall.

? Fixing Cracks or Holes in a Wall: Advice from Michigan State University on how to fix cracks or holes in a wall.

? Repairing Holes and Cracks: Instructions on how to repair both small and big holes and cracks in a wall.

Home Inspections

Home Inspection Resources For First Time Home Buyers

Why get an inspection?

When purchasing a home it is very important to have factual information regarding the structural integrity of the property, and a home inspection should be included in the purchase agreement as a prerequisite to closing the sale. A home inspection not only protects the buyer, but to also ensures the current owner that the offer on the property has been made after having been informed of any potential issues. Some states, such as California, will require the seller to disclose any potential or existing problems to the buyer before purchase. In some cases there may be issues that the seller is unaware of, and a home inspection will highlight any of those issues.

A home inspection should be performed prior to purchase to highlight any safety issues and any aspect of the property that may prove hazardous due to breakage. Health reasons are another basis for a home inspection, because issues with mold or radon, bad water, carbon monoxide or invasive insects could cause health issues, or aggravate existing conditions. A home inspection will also highlight any additional expenses, and financial implications when having to rectify issues with the property, and these added expenses should be taken into account when making an offer on a property. Some banks may also require an inspection to prove the structural integrity and overall condition of the property before agreeing to a mortgage.

 What is included in a home inspection?

The ASHI has certain standards of practice and the inspector will be required to check various aspects of the property in order to provide a complete inspection. The areas that should be checked include structural components, exterior and grounds associated with the property, the roof, the plumbing and also electrical and heating systems. Air conditioning, the interior of the property, the insulation and ventilation and the fireplace should also be checked. Additional checks may be needed, but these are covered below.

 Who can conduct home inspections?

It is best to use professional inspectors for a home inspection, but there are some inspections that can be carried out by the owner. Experts tend to warn against buyers doing their own inspections since it can be difficult to remain objective about a property that is highly desirable. A professional home inspector should be a member of a trade association such as the ASHI, NAHI, NACHI, or CREIA. The inspector chosen should also confirm with local and state regulations. Full details of state regulations can be found online.

Mold and mildew inspections

Experts recommend having a mildew or mold test done before purchase, because mold or mildew problems could be a health hazard for the residents of the property. There are two ways to inspect the property. The first would be to find a qualified mold inspector, and the second would be to get a mold test kit so that the buyer can perform the inspection. It is recommended to take both air and surface samples when doing the inspection yourself.

  • Mold infection This site lists 22 signs of a possible mold infection.
  • Web.nmsu.edu A site listing ten things you should know about mold infections.

 Radon and carbon monoxide testing

Radon and carbon monoxide can be extremely dangerous and having an inspection done can be a good way to highlight any potential gas issues before purchase. In order to have an inspection done a professional home inspector can be contacted. Some inspectors are qualified to do both radon and carbon monoxide testing in addition to other testing such as mold or mildew inspections. The buyer can perform this test as well, provided he or she has access to the appropriate testing kits.

Testing water system and well water quality

It is very important to have a water system and water quality test done prior to purchase. Water testing can help to identify several problems including high iron content or bacteria. A test to ascertain the safety and quality of the water supply should include tests for coliform bacteria, lead, iron, nitrates, hardness, pH levels, the total dissolved solids, and the corrosion index. If the property is situated close to other potential hazards additional tests may be needed.

  • Well testing This site outlines the procedure of well testing and the different tests involved.
  • EPA Site listing the various causes on pollution in drinking water.

Invasive species and insects

When having a home inspection done it is vital to check for the presence of invasive species and insects. The most well known of these insects would be termites, as they can become a real problem if the property makes use of wooden structures. Termite infestations can weaken wooden structures such as roof beams or even wooden flooring. Appropriate treatment will be needed if a termite infestation is found. Some home inspectors also offer inspections for termites, rates and bees, so this aspect could be included when the main inspection is done. The inspector should be able to recommend treatment options, and the services of an exterminator may be needed in some cases.

What is the difference between an inspection and an appraisal?

The Appraisal institute classes an appraisal as an exercise in providing a professional opinion as to the market value of the property that is used to make real estate decisions. Generally appraisers are employed by lenders to estimate the value of a property before a loan is granted. Appraisers generally serve the best interest of their employer.

A home inspection is a thorough examination of the structure and the various systems of a property in order to ensure that it is structurally sound, and that it is safe to live in. The home inspector is generally hired by the prospective buyer, and serves the interests of his or her client. A home inspection is vital since an appraisal is not a guarantee of structural soundness.